【作者】 张玉钦；

【导师】 邱盛尧； 王蕾；

【作者基本信息】 烟台大学， 海洋渔业资源， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 本文根据2015年和2016年每月(伏季休渔除外)对山东沿海各地10-16处有代表性的码头,在渔汛期对主要上岸渔获物进行生物学调查,对鳀、蓝点马鲛、鲐、小黄鱼、银鲳、斑鰶、花鲈、星康吉鳗、口虾蛄、三疣梭子蟹的体长(叉长/全长/头胸甲宽)、体重、体长(叉长/全长/头胸甲宽)-体重关系、年龄、VB生长方程等做了初步分析。主要分析结果如下:1、鳀(Thrissa kammalensis)2015年春季和秋季平均叉长79.60 mm,平均体重6.73g,以0龄和1龄为主,叉长和体重呈W=2.63×10-5L2.8836幂函数相关关系,平均摄食等级1.41级;2016年秋季平均叉长57.03 mm,平均体重1.98 g,主要由2龄鱼组成,叉长和体重呈W=5×10-5L2.6210幂函数相关关系。两年的生长方程为Lt=15.7 ×(1-e-0.8(t+0.2)),wt = 33.2 ×(1-e-0.8(t+0.2))2.9675。2、蓝点马鲛(Scomberomorus niphonius)2015年平均叉长 444.24 mm,平均体重874.13 g,以1和2龄个体为主,叉长和体重呈W=0.0061L1.9382幂函数相关关系;2016年平均叉长373.51 mm,平均体重924.32 g,以0龄和1龄个体为主,叉长和体重呈幂函数W=0.0015L2.2299相关关系。两年的生长方程为Lt=76.2×(1-e-0.52(t+0.1)),wt = 4217 ×(1-e-0.52(t+0.1))2.2672。3、鲐(Scomber japonicus)2015 年平均叉长 291.08 mm,平均体重为 233.97 g,以1龄个体为主,叉长和体重呈W=1×10-6L3.4539幂函数相关关系;2016年平均体重179.81 g,平均叉长245.87 mm,以0龄和1龄鱼为主,叉长和体重呈W=2×10-4L2.5050幂函数相关关系。两年的生长方程为Lt = 41.02 ×(1-e-0.22(t-0.12)),wt = 1192 ×(1-e-0.22(t-0.12))3.0218。4、小黄鱼(Pseudosciaena polyactis)2015年平均体长174.02 mm,平均体重56.32 g,春季以1龄个体为主,秋季以1龄和2龄个体为主,体长和体重呈W=2×10-5L2.8596幂函数相关关系;2016年平均体长169.30 mm,平均体重55.21 g,以1龄个体为主,体长和体重呈W=0.0219L1.5157幂函数相关关系。两年的生长方程为Lt=26.2×(1-e-0.72(t+0.17)),wt = 212.4 ×(1-e-0.72(t+0.17))27391。5、银鲳(Pampus Argenteus)2015年平均叉长158.64mm,平均体重135.53g,以0龄和1龄个体为主,叉长和体重呈W=6×10-5L2.8572幂函数相关关系;2016年平均叉长179.92 mm,平均体重145.65 g,平均年龄0.5龄,叉长和体重呈W=0.0345L1.5920幂函数相关关系;两年的生长方程为Lt= 34.12 ×(1-e-0.564(t+0.22)),wt = 558.45 ×(1-e-0.564(t+0.22))2.9011。6、斑鰶(Konosirus punctatus)2015年平均叉长170.83 mm,平均体重72.75 g,以1龄个体为主,叉长和体重呈W=1.01×10-5L3.0204幂函数相关关系;2016年平均叉长177.17 mm,平均体重76.78 g,叉长和体重呈W=3.00×10-5L2.8436幂函数相关关系。两年的生长方程为Lt=370.4 ×(1-e-0.65(t+0.2)),wt = 198.45 ×(1-e-0.65(t+0.2))3.012。7、花鲈(Lateolabrax japonicus)2015年平均叉长384.60 mm,平均体重725.75 g,以1龄个体为主,叉长和体重呈W=9.0×10-5L2.6218幂函数相关关系;2016年平均叉长264.14 mm,平均体重185.29 g,叉长和体重呈W=4.5×10-2L1.4748幂函数相关关系。两年的生长方程为Lt= 69.7×(1-e-0.42(t+0.22)),wt = 4911.7×(1-e-0.42(t+0.22))2.7692。8、星康吉鳗(Conger myriaster)2015年平均全长420.98 mm,平均体重158.23 g,以0龄和1龄个体为主,全长和体重呈W=2.00×10-6L3.0206幂函数相关关系;2016年平均体长373.9 mm,平均体重160.98 g,全长和体重呈W=5×10-5L2.4825幂函数相关关系。两年的生长方程为 Lt = 92.8 ×(1-e-0.60(t+0.49)),wt = 1600 ×(1-e-0.60(t+0.49))2.8078。9、虾蟹类主要选取山东近海具有代表性的口虾蛄(Oratosquilla oratria)、鹰爪虾(Trachypenaeus curvirostris)和三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus),对其做了基本的生物学测定。10、调查结果渔获物多以0龄和1龄为主,很少出现高龄渔获物,秋季的资源状况较其他季节较好一些,在长期的捕捞压力下,山东近海渔业资源已处于过度开发状态,渔获物正在向低值化、小型化和性早熟演化。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to the 2015 and 2016 monthly(except for Shandong coastal fishing moratorium)around the 10-16 representatives in the fishing season of the main pier ashore catches biological investigation of Thrissa kammalens,Scomberomorus niphonius,Scomber japonicas,Pseudosciaena polyactis,Pampus argenteus,Konosirus punctatus,Lateolabrax japonicus,Conger myriaster,Oratosquilla oratoria,Trachypenaeus curvirostris and Portunus trituberculatus body length(fork length/total length/carapace width),body weight and body length(fork length/total length/carapace width)-weight,age,VB growth equations were discussed primarily.The main results are as follows:1.Thrissa kammalens in 2015 spring and autumn the average fork length of 79.60 mm,the average weight of 6.73 g,with 0 and 1 years old,the relationship between fork length and weight was W=2.63×10-5L2.8836,average feeding level 1.41;in the autumn of 2016 the average fork length of 57.03 mm,the average weight of 1.98 g,composed of 2 year old fish,the relationship between fork length and weight was W=5×10-5L2.6210.The growth equation was Lt=15.7 ×(1-e-0.8(t+0.2)),wt = 33.2 ×(1-e-0.8(t+0.2))2.9675.2.Scomberomorus niphonius in 2015 the average fork length of 444.24 mm,the average weight of 874.13 g,with 1 and 2 individuals of age,the relationship between fork length and weight was W=0.0061L1 9382;in 2016 the average fork length of 373.51 mm,the average weight of 924.32 g,with 0 and 1 years old individuals,the relationship between fork length and weight was W=0.0061L1.9382.The growth equation was Lt=76.2×(1-e-0.52(t+0.1)),wt = 4217 ×(1-e-0.52(t+0.1))2.2672.3.Scomber japonicas in 2015 the average fork length of 291.08 mm,the average weight was 233.97 g,with 1 individuals of age,the relationship between fork length and weight was W=1×10-6L3.4539;in 2016 the average weight of 179.81 g,the average fork length of 245.87 mm,with 0 and 1 years old,the relationship between length and weight was W=2×10-4L2.5050.The growth equation was Lt = 41.02 ×(1-e-0.22(t-0.12)),wt = 1192 ×(1-e-0.22(t-0.12))3.0218.4.Pseudosciaena polyactis in 2015 the average body length of 174.02 mm,the average weight of 56.32 g,1 individuals of age in spring,autumn in 1 and 2 years old individuals,the relationship between body length and weight was W=2×10-5L2.8596;in 2016 the average body length of 169.30 mm,the average weight of 55.21 g,with 1 individuals of age,the relationship between body length and weight was W=0.0219L1.5157.The growth equation was Lt=26.2×(1-e-0.72(t+0.17)),wt = 212.4 ×(1-e-0.72(t+0.17))2.7391.5.Pampus argenteus in 2015 the average fork length of 158.64 mm,the average weight of 135.53 g,with 0 and 1 years old individuals,the relationship between fork length and weight was W=6×10-5L2.8572;in 2016 the average fork length of 179.92 mm,the average weight of 145.65 g;the average age of 0.5 years old,the relationship between fork length and weight was W=0.0345L1.5920;The growth equation was Lt= 34.12 ×(1-e-0.564(t+022)),wt = 558.45 ×(1-e-0.564(t+0.22))2.9011.6.Konosirus punctatus in 2015 the average fork length of 170.83 mm,the average weight of 72.75 g,with 1 individuals of age,the relationship between fork length and weight was W=1.01×10-5L3.0204;in 2016 the average fork length of 177.17 mm,the average weight of 76.78 g,the relationship between fork length and weight was W=3.00×10-5L2.8436.The growth equation was Lt=370.4 ×(1-e-0.65(t+0.2)),wt = 198.45 ×(1-e-0.65(t+0.2))3.012.7.Lateolabrax japonicus in 2015 the average fork length of 384.60 mm,the average weight of 725.75 g,with 1 individuals of age,the relationship between fork length and weight was W=9.0×10-5L2.6218;in 2016 the average fork length of 264.14 mm,the average weight of 185.29 g,the relationship between fork length and weight was W=4.5×10-2L1.4748.The growth equation was Lt= 69.7×(1-e-0.42(t+0.22)),wt = 4911.7×(1-e-0.42(t+0.22))2.7692.8.Conger myriaster had an average length of 420.98 mm in 2015,with an average body weight of 158.23 g.It was mainly composed of 0 age and 1 age individuals,the relationship between fork length and weight was W=2.00×10-6L3.02006.In 2016,the average body length 373.9 mm,the average body weight 160.98 g,the total length and weight was W=5×10-5L2.4825.The growth equation was Lt = 92.8 ×(1-e-0.60(t+0.49)),wt =1600 ×(1-e-0.60(t+0.49))2.8078.9.Crabs mainly selected offshore Shandong representative of Oratosquilla oratoria、Trachypenaeus curvirostris and Portunus trituberculatus,the determination of basic biology.10.The results of the survey catches in the 0 and 1 years old,the elderly rarely catch,resources in autumn than other seasons is better,in the long-term fishing pressure,Shandong fishery resources has been over exploited,catches are low value and miniaturization and sexual precocity evolution.更多还原